Journal: Advances in experimental medicine and biology

Article Title: Leveraging Tissue Engineering for Skin Cancer Models

doi: 10.1007/5584_2022_755

Figure Lengend Snippet: Studies using BCC skin tissue models

Article Snippet: HaCaT (human epidermal keratinocytes) cells were transfected with a vector containing shh cDNA, which codes for a protein (shh) active in a cell signaling pathway involved in the development of basal cell carcinoma called the sonic hedgehog (shh) pathway ( Dahmane et al. 1997 ).

Techniques: Transfection, Recombinant, Plasmid Preparation, Construct, Activity Assay

Journal: Birth defects research

Article Title: High-throughput detection of craniofacial defects in fluorescent zebrafish

doi: 10.1002/bdr2.2127

Figure Lengend Snippet: Hedgehog pathway disruption reduces fli1:EGFP expression at doses that cause craniofacial malformations. (a) Stacked bar graph showing severity scoring of embryos exposed the potent Hedgehog pathway inhibitor BMS-833923. Embryos were exposed from 6–24 hpf and stained at 5 dpf. Number of embryos for each severity are shown (white = apparently normal, light gray = mild, dark gray = moderate, black = severe). (b) Collapsed data showing frequency of malformations for each treatment group. Bar graph of frequency of malformations following ethanol exposure. Statistics = Fischer's exact test for each control-treatment group comparison. (c) Column graph showing fli1:EGFP fluorescence measurement for each embryo (open circles). Black bars show mean fluorescence for each group ± SEM. Sample sizes: control n = 24; 1.56 μM BMS n = 24; 3.125 μM BMS n = 24; 6.25 μM BMS n = 24; and 12.5 μM BMS n = 24. Statistic: two-tailed ANOVA with Tukey's multiple comparison's correction between all groups. * = p < .05, *** = p < .001, **** p < .0001. (d) Images of 5 dpf embryos stained with alcian blue (cartilage) and alizarin red (bone) showing BMS-induced craniofacial defects. RFU = relative fluorescence units. BMS = BMS-833923, Hedgehog pathway inhibitor standard

Article Snippet: The Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) pathway inhibitor standard BMS-833923, CAS# 1059734–66-5, was obtained from Med-Chem Express (Monmouth Junction, NJ).

Techniques: Disruption, Expressing, Staining, Control, Comparison, Fluorescence, Two Tailed Test

Journal: Birth defects research

Article Title: High-throughput detection of craniofacial defects in fluorescent zebrafish

doi: 10.1002/bdr2.2127

Figure Lengend Snippet: Monitoring Hedgehog pathway activity. (a) Column graph showing GliBS:mCherry fluorescence (a marker of Hedgehog pathway activity) for each embryo (open circles) exposed to the indicated concentration of the potent Hedgehog pathway inhibitor standard BMS-833923 from 6–24 hpf. Black bars show mean fluorescence for each group ± SEM. Sample sizes: control n = 21; 1.56 μM BMS n = 24; 3.125 μM BMS n = 24; 6.25 μM BMS n = 16; 12.5 μM BMS n = 11. Many samples, n = 6 at 6.25 μM and n = 13 at 12.5 μM BMS were below fluorescence threshold and were omitted. Statistic: two-tailed ANOVA with Tukey's multiple comparison's correction between all groups. (b) Column graph showing GliBS:mCherry fluorescence for embryos exposed to the environmental teratogen PBO from 6–24 hpf. Black bars show mean fluorescence for each group ± SEM. Sample sizes: control n = 23; PBO 3.125 μM n = 23; PBO 6.25 μM n = 23; PBO 12.5 μM n = 23; PBO 25 μM n = 23; PBO 50 μM n = 16. n = 7 samples exposed to 50 μM PBO were below the fluorescence threshold and were omitted. Statistic: two-tailed ANOVA with Tukey's multiple comparison's correction between all groups. (c) Column graph showing GliBS:mCherry fluorescence for embryos exposed to ethanol from 6–24 hpf. Black bars show mean fluorescence for each group ± SEM. Sample sizes: Statistic: two-tailed ANOVA with Tukey's multiple comparison's correction between all groups. * = p < .05, ** = p < .01, *** = p < .001, **** p < .0001. RFU = relative fluorescence units. BMS = BMS-833923, Hedgehog pathway inhibitor standard. PBO = piperonyl butoxide, environmental Hedgehog pathway inhibitor

Article Snippet: The Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) pathway inhibitor standard BMS-833923, CAS# 1059734–66-5, was obtained from Med-Chem Express (Monmouth Junction, NJ).

Techniques: Activity Assay, Fluorescence, Marker, Concentration Assay, Control, Two Tailed Test, Comparison